衛星【えいせい】
(natural) satellite, moon, (artificial) satellite
星【ほし】
star (usu. not including the Sun), planet (usu. not including Earth), heavenly body, star (glyph, symbol, shape), star (actor, player, etc.), small dot, spot, fleck, star point (intersection marked with a dot), hoshi, perp, perpetrator, mark, offender, suspect, bullseye, one's star (that determines one's fate), one's fortune, point, score
惑星【わくせい】
planet, dark horse, surprise contender
火星【かせい】
Mars (planet)
星空【ほしぞら】
starry sky
星座【せいざ】
constellation, astrological sign, star sign, zodiac sign
星条旗【せいじょうき】
Stars and Stripes (US flag), Star-Spangled Banner (US anthem)
明星【みょうじょう】
morning star, Venus, preeminent person (within their own field), star (of the stage, silver screen, etc.)
彗星【すいせい】
comet
流れ星【ながれぼし】
shooting star, falling star, meteor, blaze (wide white stripe down the face of a horse)
水星【すいせい】
Mercury (planet)
恒星【こうせい】
star
星占い【ほしうらない】
astrology, horoscope
巨星【きょせい】
giant star, great person, giant, superstar, big-shot